CRUD stands for **Create, Read, Update, and Delete**. These are the four basic operations that can be performed on a database or a data repository. Each operation corresponds to a specific function in managing data within a system: 1. **Create**: - Refers to adding new data or records to a database. - Example: Inserting a new row into a table in a relational database or adding a new document in a NoSQL database. 2. **Read**: - Refers to retrieving or viewing existing data from the database. - Example: Querying a database to fetch user information. 3. **Update**: - Refers to modifying existing data in the database. - Example: Changing the email address of a user in the database. 4. **Delete**: - Refers to removing data or records from the database. - Example: Deleting a user’s account from the database. These operations are the foundation of most database-driven applications and are often implemented using SQL for relational databases or APIs for modern systems.