**Author:** Jim Collins
**Topic:** People decisions in building great companies
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## Core Idea
Great companies prioritize getting the *right people* on the bus before deciding where to drive it. “Who” comes before “what.”
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## Practical Disciplines
### 1. **When in doubt, don’t hire - keep looking**
- Based on “Packard’s Law”: No company can grow revenues faster than it can attract enough of the right people.
- Growth should be limited by the ability to get and keep the right people.
### 2. **When you know you need to make a people change, act**
- Needing to tightly manage someone = hiring mistake.
- Delay causes wasted energy, demoralization of top performers, and unfairness to all involved.
- Waiting is often about *our own* discomfort or convenience, not fairness.
- Quote: *“The best people don’t need to be managed.”*
### 3. **Put your best people on your biggest opportunities, not your biggest problems**
- Don’t solve for the past. Invest in the future.
- Corollary: If you sell off your problems, don’t sell off your best people with them.
- Example: Kimberly-Clark sold the paper mills but kept the top talent.
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## Unexpected Findings
- No correlation between executive comp and going from good to great.
- “People are your most important asset” is wrong—**the *right* people are.**
- “Right people” = innate character traits and motivation, not just skills or background.
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## Notes on Turnover (“Churn”)
- No difference in turnover *amount* between good-to-great and comparison companies.
- But: Good-to-great companies showed a *bipolar churn pattern*:
- People stayed long or left fast.
- They didn’t churn more, they churned *better*.
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## Practical Implications
- Focus relentlessly on *who*, not just *what*.
- Moving underperformers to better-fit roles is better than immediate firing.
- Don’t try to motivate the wrong people. Hire those who already *are* motivated.
- Culture follows people. Discipline in hiring and firing precedes strategy.
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