Refer to: - [[Entropy]] the measure of disorder and randomness in a system. The change when energy is transferred at a constant temperature - [[Phase Space]] a graph that represents the whole state of a system ### Zeroth Law > “If two thermodynamic systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.” - Basically, if A=B and C=B then A=C. - w/o which we couldn't define temperature / have thermometers ### First Law of Thermodynamics > “The total amount of energy in an isolated system is conserved.” - The law of conservation of energy - energy is conserved; it can neither be created nor destroyed, just changed from one form to another, - The total amount of energy in the universe is constant ### Second Law of Thermodynamics > “The entropy of the universe tends to a maximum.” - Entropy either stays the same or gets bigger, the entropy of the universe can never go down. - The disorder of the universe always increases and energy gets transformed into less useful forms - The efficiency of any process will always be less than a 100% ### Third Law of Thermodynamics > “As the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero (−273.15°C, 0 K), then the value of the entropy approaches a minimum.” - An absolute reference point for measuring entropy - All molecular movement stops at absolute zero temperature. - As temperature is a measure of molecular movement, there can be no temperature lower than absolute zero. At this temperature a perfect crystal has no disorder. #firstprinciple