As quantum computing edges closer to practical application, organizations must confront the vulnerabilities it poses to current cryptographic systems. A cryptographic inventory is the cornerstone of this preparation, cataloging all uses of cryptography in IT and operational technology systems to protect sensitive data and ensure future resilience. ### Key Components of a Cryptographic Inventory 1. **Discovery and Documentation**: Use cryptographic discovery tools to identify quantum-vulnerable algorithms across network protocols, end-user systems, and software development pipelines. Complement these efforts with manual reviews and vendor-supplied documentation for embedded cryptography. For instance, Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) processes, often critical for authentication, must be scrutinized for reliance on at-risk algorithms like RSA or ECDSA. 2. **Integration with Existing Systems**: Align cryptographic inventories with broader IT inventories, such as those from Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) or Identity and Access Management (IAM) systems. This ensures comprehensive visibility, identifying where cryptography protects critical datasets and how data flows between systems. For example, integrating with Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) can highlight vulnerabilities in third-party software components. 3. **Risk Assessment and Prioritization**: Use the inventory to assess and prioritize risks. Assign values to assets based on exposure and criticality—such as sensitive APIs or IoT devices—and estimate the time-sensitive nature of their protection. Develop a Cryptographic Agility Index (CAI) to evaluate preparedness for migrating to post-quantum cryptographic standards. ### So What? A thorough cryptographic inventory is not just about preparing for quantum threats; it's a strategic move to future-proof organizational security. By mapping out vulnerabilities, organizations can prioritize their transition to quantum-safe algorithms and build resilience against emerging threats. This effort also supports broader security frameworks, like zero-trust architectures, and demonstrates regulatory compliance, protecting both reputation and resources. Act now to stay ahead in the quantum race.