John Preskill - Quantum Computing in the NISQ era and beyond (https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.00862) - Quantum Error Correction for Beginners (https://arxiv.org/abs/0905.2794) - Deal with noise through more advanced error correction using more “correcting” qubits. - Whilst this technically means that we should be able to build fault-tolerant QCs, it imposes an “overhead” in that manufacturers will need potentially thousands of qubits to support one qubit that is not subject to noise, or one “fault tolerant” qubit. - Quantum Computing is “now, finally, in the early vacuum tube era of quantum computing”