Hydrogen is widely considered to be a viable replacement for fossil fuels in many parts of the economy, especially in industry where high temperature is needed and electrification isn’t possible or sufficient, or where hydrogen is needed as a feedstock, such as steelmaking or ethylene production. Before the 2022 gas price spikes, green hydrogen was about 60 percent more expensive than natural gas. But improving electrolysis could significantly decrease the cost of hydrogen. **Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM)** electrolyzers split water and are one way to make green hydrogen. They have improved in recent times but still face two major challenges. 1. They are not as efficient as they could be. We know that **“pulsing” the electrical current** rather than running it constantly improves efficiency in lab environments, but we don’t understand this enough to get it to work at scale. 2. Electrolyzers have delicate membranes that allow the split hydrogen to pass from the anode to the cathode (but keeps the split oxygen out). In addition, they have catalysts that speed up the overall process. Catalysts and membranes do not yet interact well. The more efficient we make the catalyst, the more it wears down the membrane. This doesn’t have to be the case, but we don’t understand the interactions well enough to design better membranes and catalysts. Quantum computing can help **model the energy state of pulse electrolysis to optimize catalyst usage**, which would increase efficiency. Quantum computing could also model the chemical composition of catalysts and membranes to ensure the most efficient interactions. And it could push the efficiency of the electrolysis process up to 100 percent and reduce the cost of hydrogen by 35 percent. If combined with cheaper solar cells discovered by quantum computing (discussed above), the cost of hydrogen could be reduced by 60 percent.