# Safety Integrity Level (SIL)
#standard #safety #certification
Safety Integrity Level (SIL) is a quantitative measure of the reliability of a safety instrumented function, ranging from SIL 1 (lowest) to SIL 4 (highest).
## Definition
- Quantitative measure of safety performance
- Probability of failure on demand (PFD)
- Risk reduction factor
- Defined in IEC 61508 and IEC 61511
## SIL Levels
| SIL | PFD Range | Risk Reduction Factor |
|-----|-----------|---------------------|
| SIL 1 | 10⁻¹ to 10⁻² | 10 to 100 |
| SIL 2 | 10⁻² to 10⁻³ | 100 to 1,000 |
| SIL 3 | 10⁻³ to 10⁻⁴ | 1,000 to 10,000 |
| SIL 4 | 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁵ | 10,000 to 100,000 |
## Determination
SIL is determined through:
- Risk assessment
- Hazard analysis
- Layer of protection analysis (LOPA)
- Risk matrix evaluation
## F&G System Requirements
- F&G control systems should be SIL 2 certified minimum
- Ensures reliability and safety
- Required for worker protection
- Critical for asset protection
## Certification
- SIL certification guarantees system safety
- Ensures compliance with standards
- Required for critical safety applications
## Related Concepts
- [[IEC 61508]]
- [[IEC 61511]]
- [[F&G Control Systems]]